pollen falls, and a style, which is a tubular filament leading to the ovary, safely imbedded below in the calyx-tube and enclosing the ovule, which, on being fertilized, produces the seed--the dénouement for which the mechanism is designed. This protected and efficient system of delicate processes is one of the most im-portant features to examine.

     If we find that the pistils protrude the full length of the stamens, from the center of the disc, and the styles are coherent so that the united pistils form a club, with stigmas like a berry at the end, our rose is one of a group of well-known climbing roses called Synstylæ.
     If the styles are free, not coherent, and extend outward half the length of the stamens, our rose belongs to the Chinese group, and is one of those called Indicæ.
     If the styles do not protrude, if the stigmas form a button or cushion closing the opening of the disc, and the filaments are wholly included within the calyx-tube, our rose is either one of the group called Gallicæ, (Gallica, Centifolia, Damascena and Alba), or it is one of an odd lot made up of the bush roses, Sweetbrier, Cinnamon, Rugosa, the Austrian briers, the Scotch briers, and Microphylla; and in climbing roses, of Banksia, Bracteata, Laevigata, and Boursault. All of these roses have individual characteristics which distinguish them.

SYNSTYLAE ROSES

     Among the Synstylæ roses (those with protruding connate pistils), Multiflora (Thunberg), the garden family of Multiflora, is one vigorous class that stands apart from the rest by having a very decorative stipule, deeply laciniated and fancifully furnished with little points on the teeth, ending in long tips, edges with ciliated glands. Throughout the sub-classes and many varieties into which Multiflora has entered, it has kept its laciniated stipules. Look, too, for a pair of prickles below the stipule (infrastipular prickles). Refer to drawings on page 6.

     Multiflora (Thunberg) has long, dense panicles of bloom, each rose about as big as a dime, single, semi-double, double, white or pale pink.
     Polyantha roses, the result of R. multiflora crossed with Chinese roses, are equally small, with laciniated stipules but with two differences--they are bush roses, and bloom all summer.
     Seven Sisters (R. multiflora platyphylla) is another garden form with larger leaves and flowers of greater size, many in a corymb (not a panicle), varying in shade from blush to red and purple, with laciniated stipules.
     Crimson Rambler came from the union of Seven Sisters and the Chinese rose, (R. semperflorens, probably). The flower cluster seems to be a combination of panicle and corymb, with very closely crowded blooms. This rose blooms longer than the others and often recurs, probably due to the strong strain of Chinese influence. Dr. Wilson believed it came from R. multiflora cathayensis.
     Baby Ramblers are believed to be crosses of R. multifora platyphylla forms with R. chinensis minima, the "Fairy" Chinese roses. Always in these variations we find the laciniated stipule.

     Others of the Synstylae roses have either entire or denticulate stipules. Their habits of growth serve to set them into two groups. The stalks of R. setigera (to 15 feet), from which have come our Prairie roses, and those of R. moschata, the Musk roses (to 8 to 10 feet), are upright from the base, and if not supported, arch over about 4 feet from the ground. The stalks of the Wichuraiana, Sempervirens, and Arvensis (Ayrshire) roses are inclined to trail many feet or lie prostrate. The species, R. arvensis, shows a very interesting point of difference when we split the rose. Its club-like pistils rise from a very conical disc, a characteristic shared by one other rose in the Synstylæ group, R. moschata.
     Moschatas give an impression of refinement, but more about the Musk roses later.

     Setigeras are rather rowdy roses, beautiful in their autumn coloring. They have 3 to 5 pubescent, large leaflets, with large gland-ciliated stipules. The species with 3 leaflets blooms late in rather loose corymbs of deep pink, single blooms. Some Prairie roses (varieties of R. setigera) bloom earlier, and usually in fullness, form, and color of bloom depart from the species, as, for instance, Baltimore Belle and Queen of the Prairies.

     Of the roses which trail by nature, the species R. Wichuraiana is used as a ground-cover at times, going by its common name of Memorial Rose. Wichuraiana and Sempervirens have lustrous, almost evergreen foliage, while Ayrshires have rather thin, deciduous foliage.

     R. Wichuraiana has 5 to 7 small leaflets, "box-like," and a dentate stipule with small free tips. The small white blooms are borne in a panicle.
     Dorothy Perkins, a Wichuraiana hybrid, is more upright and stronger in its growth.
     R. sempervirens has 5 to 7 medium-sized leaflets with an entire stipule and large white blooms in a corymb.
     Félicité et Perpétue, a Sempervirens hybrid, shows the same upright and strong growth as found in Dorothy Perkins.
     R. arvensis, from which came our Ayrshire roses, may rise a foot or two be-fore it ramps away (often to 20 feet) on its long, stringy stalks, with 5 to 7 small, thin leaflets of a deep glaucous green, paler beneath. Such Ayrshire roses as we know keep a fair tendency to run.
     Ruga, a cross with Chinensis, grows taller, carrying wreaths of blossoms re-sembling the old Blush China in form, but paler in color and more fragrant.
     R. polliniana is a cross with R. gallica, having a vigorous habit.

     R. moschata is discussed here because, like R. arvensis, its club-like pistils rise from a conical disc. Dr. Wilson added new forms to Musk roses during his explorations in China which do