Scotch roses have black hips while the Austrians have red hips. Scotch roses in the past were small, double, flat, in white, pink shades, yellow, red and purple, but few survive of the old varieties. The Austrian Briers we have are single, Austrian Yellow and Austrian Copper, bicolor, copper and yellow; and Persian Yellow, double, of a rich yellow.
     Here we place Harison's Yellow rose, probably a cross of Scotch and Austrian, with pale yellow, double, fragrant blooms, and black hips.
     Here we may note that R. Hugonis has single, solitary, yellow blooms on a flowering branch without bristles and has a red hip.
      Here we place, also, Stanwell's Perpetual Scotch, a cross with R. damascena, having the physical characteristics of the Scotch and a quite double, pale pink, larger bloom, fragrant and blooming all season--a very lovely rose.
     The Sweetbrier is a vigorous, hardy, wicked bush, erect at 4 feet, arching to 6 feet or more, with stout, scattered, booked prickles, intermingled with aciculi and setae. The leaflets, 5 to 7 small, doubly serrate, dull green, nearly smooth above, are on the under surface densely glandular with scented glands which on occasion give forth a delicious scent. The single pink blooms, quite small, come in little corymbs and are followed by beautiful bright crimson ovoid hips, bearing seeds which are very easy to grow.
     Penzance Briers are hybrids of Sweetbrier, crossed with different old large-flowered varieties and other Briers. They have a charming range of color and many have fragrant foliage.
     R. rugosa is to be distinguished by its dense armament of slender, straight, very unequal prickles; by its large, thick, rugose, dull green foliage of 7 to 11 leaflets with very prominent veins; by its very broad stipules and large bracts. The semi-double blooms of the old forms, in red, pink, and white, are followed by remarkable hips, depressed-globose, bright red, large and pulpy, bearing the dried sepals with their leafy tips.

     When we speak of Hybrid Perpetual roses, we must go back somewhat to discuss their creation. Mention has been made of Hybrid China roses; also of Damask Perpetual roses. Hybrid Perpetual roses were made by crossing the Damask Perpetuals with Hybrid Chinas (Hybrid Chinas, Hybrid Bourbons, and Hybrid Noisettes). The results were decidedly various in habits, blooms, foliage, prickles, and remontance. In one group it seems that the Damask Perpetual ancestor dominates, often forming a head of foliage and bloom atop tall stalks--Anna de Diesbach, American Beauty. Another group has the foliage and the more dwarf, compact habit of the Bourbon, with a tendency to quarter in the compact, clustering bloom, the Baronne Prévost type.

     Gloire des Rosomanes, an everblooming Hybrid China (the "Ragged Robin" of California), gave a red line of blooms, with bushes often growing tall but not forming a head at the top--as Giant of Battles, General Jacqueminot, Bardou Job. The Noisette type of Hybrid Perpetual roses clusters less than the Noi-settes do--as Coquette des Blanches.

     While these general lines, with their differences in growth and flowering, help in identifying Hybrid Perpetual roses, the enor-